An accurate DNA paternity test can resolve the issue of identifying the mother or father of a child. Aside from the emotional aspects of determining parentage, there are several legal implications that come into play as well. DNA paternity testing can be used as evidence in court cases where child custody or child support issues need to be resolved.

Other legal matters where DNA paternity testing might be called into evidence include cases involving estate settlements or inheritance. DNA paternity testing has also been used in immigration and visa applications. Under certain circumstances the results from convenient at home DNA paternity tests can be admissible in court cases.